1·Starting from the concept of the public bond risk, this paper expounds the reasons of the public bond risk, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures.
从公共债务风险这一概念出发,阐述了公债风险的原因以及应对措施。
2·The first recorded public bond is dated January 1150 when the municipality raised 400 lire by granting to investors the tax revenue raised from stallholders in the marketplace.
第一个有记录的公共债券起源于1150年的1月,当局以市场中商贩们的税收为抵押,从投资者那里筹集了400里拉。
3·Sitting on the fastest-rising public debt relative to GDP of any large developed country, Britain is especially vulnerable to a loss of confidence by bond investors.
作为大的发达国家中公债占gdp比例增长最快的国家,英国最担心的就是债券投资者们失去信心。
4·The "convergence criteria" set out in the treaty called for would-be joiners to meet targets for inflation, bond yields, exchange-rate stability, budget deficits and public debt.
在条约中设立的“一致标准”要求将来的会员国达到通胀,债券收益,汇率稳定,预算赤字和公众债务等标准。
5·Indeed, economists find it surprisingly hard to demonstrate the clear link between heavy public debt and higher bond yields that would justify fears of crowding out.
实际上,经济学家惊讶地发现,很难清楚地说明沉重的公共债务和高额债券收益率的关系,经济学家有理由担心后者将会被挤出。
6·The rapid deterioration in the public finances has unnerved bond markets and raised Ireland’s borrowing costs.
公共财政剧烈恶化,使得债券市场颇为不安,爱尔兰借贷也愈发艰难。
7·Bond yields would rise and increase the likelihood of default by private and public-sector entities.
债券收益率将上升,并提高私人和公共部门实体违约的可能性。
8·The possibility that gyrations in Greek bond yields could be explained by uncertainty about its public finances is, oddly, ignored.
希腊自身公共财政所存在的不稳定性可以解释希腊国债收益的起伏,但奇怪的是这一可能的解释却被忽略了。
9·"Permanent collections are the soul of museums," he said. "Repeated viewings of works that are constantly rearranged is their life blood and the basis of their bond with the public."
“永久性藏品是博物馆的灵魂,”他说,“不断重新检察这些艺术品,不断重新安排这些艺术品是他们的天职,是他们对公众的责任。”
10·The wave of public revulsion at Frances Inglis's life sentence, of which she must serve at least nine years, reflects an instinctive understanding of the fierceness of that bond.
Frances Inglis最终被判无期徒刑,至少入狱9年。 公众对此的强烈反感反映了人们对母子情深的本能理解。