1·By insulating flange at the junction between the new and old pipe, the long line galvanic cell is "broken up" - the anode (new pipe) is electrically separated from the cathode (old pipe).
在新、旧管子连接处安装绝缘法兰，破坏了长管道的原电池，即：阳极(新管子)和阴极(旧管子)间电断路。
2·Galvanic cell type hydrogen sensors and fuel cells belong to the former, and hydrogen pump, steam electrolyzer and membrane reactors to the latter.
原电池型的氢传感器和燃料电池属于前者，氢泵、蒸汽电解器和膜反应器属于后者。