1·Reconstruction with combined bipedicled myocutaneous flap and costal cartilage or artificial materials are better for severe laryngotracheal stenosis and large tracheal defect.
严重喉气管狭窄、闭锁或合并气管大面积缺损以双蒂肌皮瓣、复合肋软骨和人工气管环重建术效果较好；
2·The phary-esophagus passage could be restored by retaining the mucosa, pectoralis major myocutaneous flap, laryngotracheal flap, split skin flap, stomach transposition and colon interposition etc.
根据病变具体情况，应用局部黏膜牵拉缝合、裂层皮片、胸大肌肌皮瓣、喉气管黏膜瓣、胃、结肠等方法和材料可重建咽-食管通道。